Is It a Cold, the Flu, COVID-19, or Something Else?

Each winter, millions of Americans develop upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold, the flu, and COVID-19. 

These illnesses share similar symptoms, making it challenging to know which is which. Familiarizing yourself with their differences can help you decide the best steps to feel better.

Our team at Himalaya Family Medicine Clinic in Aurora, Colorado, regularly treats all three illnesses. Read on to learn how they differ and when to seek medical care.

The differences between the cold, flu, and COVID-19

The common cold, flu, and COVID-19 are all upper respiratory infections caused by viruses. However, each presents unique symptoms and develops differently. Here’s a brief overview:

Common cold

The common cold typically results from one of the more than 200 types of rhinovirus. Colds often develop more slowly than the flu or COVID-19, and tend to present milder symptoms. 

Telltale signs of a cold include a runny nose, a mild sore throat, and congestion. Most people’s symptoms improve within a week or two, and they typically don’t require time away from work or other daily activities.

Flu

The flu is an umbrella term for several types of the influenza virus. These viruses typically trigger a sudden onset of symptoms more intense than a cold. They include body aches, fever, chills, and fatigue. 

Recovery from the flu usually takes at least a week. These infections can be dangerous for infants, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems, which is why getting an annual flu shot is crucial. 

COVID-19

COVID-19 is an upper respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, and often include shortness of breath, loss of taste or smell, and a dry cough.

Because COVID can be asymptomatic, testing is the only reliable way to know if you’re at risk or contagious.

Other things that may present similar symptoms

Although upper respiratory symptoms, such as cough and runny nose, are often caused by viral infections, other conditions can cause similar symptoms.

For instance, when winter turns to spring, many people experience seasonal allergies, which can cause itchy eyes, nasal discharge, and facial pressure.

If your symptoms don’t improve with rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and over-the-counter decongestants or antihistamines, visit our office. That’s especially true if you have underlying medical issues or a weakened immune system.

After discussing your symptoms and conducting a physical exam and lab testing, we can pinpoint the source of your symptoms and make custom treatment recommendations.

To get started, call us at 303-351-1800 or book your visit online today.